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Original Article Risk of chronic periodontitis in patients with obstructive sleep apnea in Korea: a nationwide retrospective cohort study
Seon-Rye Kim1orcid , Minkook Son2orcid , Yu-Rin Kim3orcid
Epidemiol Health 2023;45e2023032-0
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2023032
Published online: March 6, 2023
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1Department of Healthcare Management, Youngsan University, Yangsan, Korea
2Department of Physiology, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
3Department of Dental Hygiene, Silla University, Busan, Korea
Corresponding author:  Yu-Rin Kim,
Email: dbfls1712@silla.ac.kr
Received: 9 December 2022   • Accepted: 17 February 2023
Seon-Rye Kim and Minkook Son contributed equally to this study as co-first authors.
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Abstract

bacteOBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to determine whether the development of chronic periodontitis is more likely among patients who have been newly diagnosed with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) through an analysis of representative data from the general population.
METHODS
A nationwide, population-based, retrospective cohort study was conducted using patient records from the Korean National Health Insurance Service database. For the period 2004-2019, patient data were categorized into 2 groups: a diagnosis of OSA (747 subjects) and no diagnosis of OSA (1,494 subjects). Subsequently, 1:2 propensity score matching was performed to ensure the homogeneity of the 2 groups. To analyze the risk of incident chronic periodontitis, a Cox proportional-hazards model was used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs).
RESULTS
In the Kaplan-Meier curve, the disease-free probability was significantly lower in the OSA group than in the non-OSA group (p for log-rank test=0.001). The crude HR for the association between OSA and chronic periodontitis was 1.29 (95% CI, 1.16 to 1.43). The multivariable-adjusted HR was calculated at 1.28 (95% CI, 1.15 to 1.42).
CONCLUSIONS
This study confirmed a relationship between OSA and chronic periodontitis. Therefore, OSA patients require oral care to prevent the progression of chronic periodontitis from mild to severe.

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